Clinical Research

NRG is committed to providing the most up to date research to support the application of InterX Therapy as well as demonstrating the clinical efficacy of the technology in randomized, controlled, trials. Many years of research and experience has gone into the development of the InterX device and the training resources available to customers. Please click on the available links to obtain more details of some of the research available.

 

Published Trials - Abstracts

Title	Author/Publication
Use of Noninvasive Interactive Neurostimulation to Improve Short-Term Recovery in Patients with Surgically Repaired Bimalleolar Ankle Fractures: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial	Published in the Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery Volume 49 Issue 5, Pages 432-437 (September 2010)
Non-invasive Interactive Neurostimulation in the Post-operative Recovery of Patients With a Trochanteric Fracture of the Femur	Peer Reviewed and Published in Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (Br)

Presented Posters

Title	Presentation Information
The Effects of Non-invasive Interactive Neurostimulation Therapy on Pain and Oedema During Post Surgical Rehabilitation Following Internal Fixation of Unstable Bimalleolar Ankle Fractures	Presented by Dr. James Dillard at the International Association of the Study of Pain (IASP) Glasgow, August 2008 - 1419, PF 360
The Effects of Treatment of an Interactive Cutaneous Neurostimulator on Recurrent Sinusitus	Gerhard Maale, MD and Janice Walker, OTR
Changes in Lymphocyte Metabolism, Gene Expression and Cytokine production following Transdermal Interactive Neurostimulation (InterX ) : Indicators of Connective Tissue Healing and Anti-inflammatory Activity	Presented as a poster at the 13th World Congress on Pain, Montreal. Aug 29th - Sept. 2nd, 2010. PW 253
Non-invasive Interactive Neurostimulation (InterX ) Reduces Acute Pain in Patients following Total Knee Replacement Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial	Presented as a poster at the 13th World Congress on Pain, Montreal. Aug 29th - Sept. 2nd, 2010. PM 341
Non-invasive Interactive Neurostimulation (InterX ) as an adjunct in pain control for patients following Total Knee and Total Hip Arthroplasty: a Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial	Presented as a poster at the 13th World Congress on Pain, Montreal. Aug 29th - Sept. 2nd, 2010. PT 341
Non-invasive Interactive Neurostimulation (InterX ) elicits significantly greater physiological response than TENS: Lymphocyte Metabolism and Cytokine production	Presented as a poster at the 13th World Congress on Pain, Montreal. Aug 29th - Sept. 2nd, 2010. PH 255

Case Studies

Linsey (RSD)

Julie (CPRS, Types I and II)

Supporting Articles

Electrode Placement

Ronald Melzack
Prolonged Relief of Pain by Brief, Intense Transcutaneous Somatic Stimulation
Pain, 1 (1975) 357-373

MERYL R. GERSH, STEVEN L. WOLF, VADDADl R. RAO, Evaluation of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Pain Relief in Peripheral Neuropathy, A Clinical Documentation
Physical Therapy: Sept 1979
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David L Somers, F Richard Clemente
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for the Management of Neuropathic Pain: The Effects of Frequency and Electrode Position on Prevention of Allodynia in a Rat Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type II
Physical Therapy . Volume 86 . Number 5 . May 2006
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Skin Impedance and Electrode Placement

Sarah P. Shultz, MEd, Jeffrey B. Driban, MEd, Charles B. Swanik, PhD
The Evaluation of Electrodermal Properties in the Identification of Myofascial Trigger Points Arch Phys Med Rehabil Vol 88, June 2007
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I. G. Gorodetskyi,et al
Non-invasive interactive Neurostimulation in the post-operative recovery of patients with a trochanteric fracture of the femur
A RANDOMISED, CONTROLLED TRIAL
J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2007;89-B:1488-94.
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Agatha P. Colbert1, Jinkook Yun1, Adrian Larsen2, Tracy Edinger1, William L. Gregory1 and Tran Thong1,3
Skin Impedance Measurements for Acupuncture Research: Development of a Continuous Recording System
1Helfgott Research Institute, National College of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, 2Miridia Technology Inc.
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Skin Impedance and Skin Friction

Raja K Sivamani, Jack Goodman, Norm Gitis, Howard Maibach
Co-efficient of Friction: tribological studies in man- an overview
Skin Research and Technology2003; 9; 227-234
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Mechanisms: Pain Relief

Kathleen A. Sluka, PhD PT.
The Basic Science Mechanisms of TENS and Clinical Implications, American Pain Society Bulletin • Volume 11, Number 2, March/April 2001
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Lee KH; Chung JM; Willis WD Jr.
Inhibition of primate spinothalamic tract cells by TENS, Journal of Neurosurgery. 62(2):276-87, 1985 Feb
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Josimari M. DeSantana, PhD, Valter J. Santana-Filho, MSc, Kathleen A. Sluka, PhD
Modulation Between High- and Low-Frequency Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation Delays the Development of Analgesic Tolerance in Arthritic Rats
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 89, Issue 4, April 2008, Pages 754-760
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Ji-Sheng Han
Acupuncture: neuropeptide release produced by electrical stimulation of different frequencies, Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University,
TRENDS in Neurosciences Vol.26 No.1 January 2003
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Higher Intensity: Increased Analgesia

Ronald Melzack
Prolonged Relief of Pain by Brief, Intense Transcutaneous Somatic Stimulation, Pain, 1 (1975) 357-373

Garrison, D.W., and Foreman, R.D.
Effects of Prolonged Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Variation of Stimulation Variables on Dorsal Horn Cell Activity in Cats. European Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 17(1997)87-94

Sjolund, B.H. (1985)
Peripheral nerve stimulation suppression of C-fiber evoked flexion reflex in rats. Part 1: Parameters of continuous stimulation. Journal of Neurosurgery, 63, 612-616

Sjolund, B.H. (1988)
Peripheral nerve stimulation suppression of C-fiber evoked flexion reflex in rats. Part 2. Parameters of low rat train stimulation of skin and muscle afferent nerves. Journal of Neurosurgery, 68, 279-283

Mechanism: Anti-inflammatory Effect

HYUN-WOO KIM, et al
The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Low- and High-Frequency Electroacupuncture Are Mediated by Peripheral Opioids in a Mouse Air Pouch Inflammation Model
THE JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
Volume 12, Number 1, 2006, pp. 39-44
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Varying Frequencies: Increased Analgesia

Ji-Sheng Han.
Acupuncture: neuropeptide release produced by electrical stimulation of different frequencies, Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University,
TRENDS in Neurosciences Vol.26 No.1 January 2003
Read the Article

David L Somers, F Richard Clemente.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for the Management of Neuropathic Pain: The Effects of Frequency and Electrode Position on Prevention of Allodynia in a Rat Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type II
Physical Therapy . Volume 86 . Number 5 . May 2006
Read the Article

Stimulation Frequencies: Analgesic Tolerance

Josimari M. DeSantana, PhD, Valter J. Santana-Filho, MSc, Kathleen A. Sluka, PhD
Modulation Between High- and Low-Frequency Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation Delays the Development of Analgesic Tolerance in Arthritic Rats Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 89, Issue 4, April 2008, Pages 754-760
Read the Article